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Timeline of erotica

Related: bawdy - ribald - satyr

Related: erotica - pornography

Introduction

Tracing the roots of modern eroticism (themes, people, media) since its beginnings in Antiquity. Also includes historians and theorists of sexuality and erotica such as Freud, Reich, Foucault, Ellis, etc... [Jan 2006]

Antiquity

main article: Antiquity
Pompeii - Ars Amatoria (c. 1 BC) - Ovid

Middle Ages

main article: Middle Ages

Eroticism is rare in the art of the Early Christian period and the Middle Ages. Pagan monuments were often overtly sexual, but Christian art shunned the world of physical love [...]. Christianity was a non-sexual religion. --Peter Webb, 1975, page 104

Italian Renaissance

main article: Renaissance
Themes: Venus by Titian, Giorgione - Leda by Michelangelo (1530) - Danae

The renewal of interest in Classical Antiquity during the 15th century Italian Renaissance brought about dramatic changes in the progress of the arts. The shameful connotations associated with nudity per se began to disappear, and with the rise of enlightened secular patronage, the hold of the Church over the arts weakened. --Peter Webb, 1975, p. 107

The rebirth of Classical Antiquity was also the rebirth of Venus, and erotic images of the goddess of love are characteristic of Renaissance art. --Peter Webb, 1975, p. 108

First documented censorship incidents: Sistine chapel Last Judgment (1563) frescoes by Michelangelo and Pietro Aretino's sonnets (1524) and accompanying engravings.

To do: Agostino Carracci's depictions of satyrs and nymphs and the Carracci's The Loves of the Gods

Gothic art and Northern Renaissance

main article: Gothic art - Northern Renaissance
Northern Europe developed an altogether different sense of eroticism, where erotic representations are often coupled with images of death. [Jan 2006]

17th century

main article: 1600s

Belgium: Rubens

Netherlands: Rembrandt (Ledikant, c. 1646)

Spain: Velazquez (Rokeby Venus, c. 1655)

France: School of Fontainebleau

Literature: A Dialogue Between a Married Lady and a Maid (1659) - The School of Venus (1680)- Venus in the Cloister (1683)

18th century

main article: 1700s

Literature: Libertine novels: Dom Bougre (1741) - Le Sopha (1742) - Les Bijoux Indiscrets (1748) - Thérèse Philosophe (1748) - Fanny Hill (1750) - Juliette (1797)

France: Boucher, Fragonard

UK: Thomas Rowlandson

Spain: Goya

François Boucher - John Cleland - Choderlos de Laclos - Marquis De Sade -

19th century

main article: 1800s
Henry Spencer Ashbee - Charles Baudelaire - Aubrey Beardsley - Theresa Berkley - Alfred Binet - Charles Carrington - Restif de la Bretonne - Gustave Courbet - Achille Devéria - Richard von Krafft-Ebing - Havelock Ellis - Sigmund Freud - Théophile Gautier - Jules Gay - Frederick Hankey - Edouard Manet - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch - Octave Mirbeau - Bénedict-Auguste Morel - Alfred de Musset - Andre Robert Andrea de Nerciat - Félicien Rops - Swinburne - Oscar Wilde

Printers of erotica of the late 1800s: Jules Gay - Henry Kistemaeckers - Auguste Poulet-Malassis

20th century (1900-1944)

main article: 1900s
Guillaume Apollinaire - Balthus - Franz von Bayros - Georges Bataille - Iwan Bloch - Eduard Fuchs - Magnus Hirschfeld - James Joyce - Jack Kahane - D.H. Lawrence - Thomas Edward Lawrence - Pierre Louÿs - Martin Van Maële - Egon Schiele - Bruno Schulz - Erich von Stroheim (the pioneers of the 20th century)

20th century (1945-1970)

main article: 1900s
Hans Bellmer - Jean de Berg - José Bénazéraf - Tinto Brass - Luis Buñuel - Jess Franco - Jean Genet - Maurice Girodias - Alfred Hitchcock - Alfred Charles Kinsey - Irving Klaw - Phyllis and Eberhard Kronhausen - Eric Losfeld - J.M. Lo Duca - Herbert Marcuse - Pierre Molinier - Russ Meyer - Radley Metzger - Henry Miller - Carlo Mollino - Alberto Moravia - Otto Mühl - Vladimir Nabokov - Anais Nin - Pier Paolo Pasolini - Jean-Jacques Pauvert - Max Pécas - Georges Pichard - Wilhelm Reich - Barney Rosset - Roland Topor - Alexander Trocchi - Clovis Trouille - John Willie - Roger Vadim (just before the sexual revolution)

20th century (1971-2006)

main article: 1900s

: Nobuyoshi Araki - Pedro Almodóvar - Gilles Berquet - Bernardo Bertolucci - Robert Bishop - Walerian Borowczyk - Guy Bourdin - Jean-Pierre Bouyxou - Catherine Breillat - Trevor Brown - Guido Crepax - David Cronenberg - Hans Jürgen Döpp - Rainer Werner Fassbinder - Michel Foucault - Leone Frollo - Jay Gertzman - Alain Robbe-Grillet - David Hamilton - Yoshifumi Hayashi - Michel Houellebecq - Juzo Itami - Elfriede Jelinek - Allen Jones - Patrick J. Kearney - Richard Kern - Eric Kroll - Stanley Kubrick - Tanino Liberatore - Dusan Makavejev - Mirka Lugosi - Milo Manara - Robert Mapplethorpe - Steven Marcus - Peter Mendes - Bernard de Montorgueil - Helmut Newton - François Ozon - Camille Paglia - Roman Polanski - Pauline Réage - Alex de Renzy - Anne Rice - Nicolas Roeg - Modesto Roldan - Jean Rollin - Ken Russell - Romain Slocombe - Hajime Sorayama - Eric Stanton - Sheryl Straight - Lars von Trier - Colin Wilson (just after the sexual revolution)

Etymology of erotic and erotica

Erotic
1621 (implied in erotical), from Fr. érotique, from Gk. erotikos, from eros (gen. erotos) "sexual love".

Eroticize is from 1914.

Erotomaniac "one driven mad by passionate love" (sometimes also used in the sense of "nymphomaniac") is from 1858.

Erotica
Erotica (1854) is from Gk. neut. pl. of erotikos "amatory," from eros; originally a booksellers' catalogue heading. --Douglas Harper via http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=erotica&searchmode=none [May 2005]

Etymology of porn and pornography

porn (n.)
1962, abbreviation of pornography (q.v.). Porno (adj.) is attested from 1952. --http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=porn [May 2005]

pornography (n.)
1857, "description of prostitutes," from Fr. pornographie, from Gk. pornographos "(one) writing of prostitutes," from porne "prostitute," originally "bought, purchased" (with an original notion, probably of "female slave sold for prostitution;" related to pernanai "to sell," from PIE root per- "to traffic in, to sell," cf. L. pretium "price") + graphein "to write."

Originally used of classical art and writing; application to modern examples began 1880s. Main modern meaning "salacious writing or pictures" represents a slight shift from the etymology, though classical depictions of prostitution usually had this quality.

Pornographer is earliest form of the word, attested from 1850. Pornocracy (1860) is "the dominating influence of harlots," used specifically of the government of Rome during the first half of the 10th century by Theodora and her daughters. --http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=pornography [May 2005]

The 1857 Dunglison Medical Dictionary states that pornography is a description of prostitutes or of prostitution as a matter of public hygiene." --source unidentified

see also: pornography - etymology

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